Brain Changes Associated with BMI

  • Wendy
  • November 11, 2025
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  • Brain Changes Associated with BMI

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This study included 78 men and women with a high body mass index (BMI) who were overweight or obese, and 105 men and women with a low BMI.


BMI is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. A higher BMI does not always indicate higher body fat.


Participants completed questionnaires assessing symptoms of anxiety and depression, childhood trauma, sensitivity to common symptoms such as headaches and dizziness, food addiction, bowel symptoms, personality traits, and other factors.


They also underwent three MRI scans to assess brain structure and function, as well as connectivity between different brain regions.


The results showed that specific changes in brain connectivity were associated with high BMI in both men and women.


This included “changes in how many areas of the brain respond to food or food-related cues,” the researchers wrote, changes that are associated with early life trauma.


They also found that women with high BMIs exhibited connectivity changes associated with greater anxiety and lower resilience compared to men with high BMIs.


The researchers wrote that other connectivity changes in women with high BMIs suggest that women may have difficulty aligning emotions with action-oriented goal planning. They said this could lead to women being more prone to “emotional binge eating” compared to men.


Furthermore, certain brain changes suggest that women with high BMIs may be more susceptible to the visual, olfactory, and gustatory effects of ultra-processed foods.


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