Neurofibromas (fibrous neuromas) are benign tumors of peripheral nerves developed from Schwann cells and fibroblasts, usually located in the superficial, deep, or subcutaneous layers of the subcutaneous tissue. It is extremely rare for a single neurofibroma to function as an independent disease unit. The more common presence of neurofibromas is a sign of a genetic disorder - neurofibromas.

Neurofibromatosis type II (NF2) was first described in 1822 by Scottish surgeon Wishart JH. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) was studied and described by von Recklinghausen FD in 1882. Although descriptions of the disease varied, they were unified under a single name "Recklinghausen disease" in scientific work by HW Cushing in 1916. It was not until years later that molecular genetic testing, the results of which were published in 1985 and 1987, revealed fundamental differences in the pathogenesis of NF1 and NF2. As it turns out, these are entirely different diseases that require different diagnostic and medical strategies.

Eight types of NF are described in scientific references, but most, with the exception of NF2, are considered abortive forms of NF1 and are not considered separate forms of disease classification. The exception is segmental NF (NF type 5) (NF5), in which the typical presentation of NF1 is located in one or more adjacent dermatomes (rarely occurs, usually not inherited) and is not included in all spinal 8 NFs. Ridge roots are affected symmetrically (several observations described).

The diagnosis of neurosurgeons and surgeon-orthopedic surgeons is mainly based on clinical manifestations of pathology, recall data, and patient examination results, but it is not enough to reveal space-occupying soft tissue tumors of peripheral nerves. To determine tumor location during planned surgical treatment, additional tool research methods are needed. Diagnosis of this pathology using electromyography usually does not give accurate results, as patients often have no abnormalities in nerve trunk conductance, or only mild or moderate conductance if the tumor is located next to a major nerve trunk Radiographic diagnostic methods in peripheral nerves The applications of oncology are often limited by the technical possibilities of the study. In the case of nerve trunks or soft tissues, tumor radiography is not diagnostic and can only be used to eliminate skeletal lesions.

Computed tomography and radiography do not provide the amount of information required for this pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for the diagnosis of soft tissue space-occupying tumors, including those associated with large nerve trunks and plexuses. However, interpretation of the received results may be complicated if the space-occupying tumor is small and oblique to the tomogram. Thus, recently there have been NLS studies using biophilic trackers that, in our opinion, could become the main method for screening and diagnosing peripheral nerve tumors.

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